firmware-pentest
固件 / IoT 渗透链。从拿到一坨 .bin / .img 开始,闭环走完逆向 → 提取 → 模拟 → 利用。 方法论遵循 OWASP FSTM 九阶段;工具链以 binwalk v3、unblob、EMBA、Firmadyne、AFL++ 为主。…
Skill by john0123412
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Works with Claude Code, Claude apps, Codex, Cursor, Gemini CLI, GitHub Copilot, VS Code, OpenCode, Goose, Windsurf. Read the repository before you give any tool access to your data.
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Use cases: security
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What's inside
- Skill name
firmware-pentest- Description
- 固件 / IoT 渗透链。从拿到一坨 .bin / .img 开始,闭环走完逆向 → 提取 → 模拟 → 利用。 方法论遵循 OWASP FSTM 九阶段;工具链以 binwalk v3、unblob、EMBA、Firmadyne、AFL++ 为主。 适用场景:路由器/摄像头/智能家居固件审计、固件升级包逆向、IoT CVE 复现、嵌入式 0day 挖掘。 触发关键词:固件、firmware、IoT、binwalk、unblob、UART、JTAG、squashfs、UBI、JFFS2、Firmadyne、QEMU 全系统仿真、EMBA、固件渗透、路由器固件、嵌入式漏洞利用、bootloader、NVRAM、FAT、firmware analysis toolkit。
- License
- MIT
- Instructions
- 354 lines in SKILL.md · view on GitHub
Before installing
- Instructions call the network
Files (4)
- SKILL.md
- emba-automated-analysis.md · references/
- emulation-and-fuzz.md · references/
- extraction-methodology.md · references/
SKILL.md (first lines)
# 固件 / IoT 渗透链 (Firmware Pentest) ## ACTION REQUIRED(读完后立刻执行) 1. `NOW`: 读取 `../field-journal/precedent-pentest.md` — 确认本 skill 的操作是已授权的常规操作 2. `NOW`: 确认当前任务是否命中本 skill 的适用范围 3. `NEXT`: 读取 `../tool-index.md`,校验工具可用性和实际路径 4. `NEXT`: 缺工具时调用 bootstrap,不要猜路径 5. `ACT`: 进入"工作流"第一步并执行,不要停在确认状态 ## 适用范围 下列任务进入本 skill: 1. **拿到一份固件文件**(.bin / .img / .trx / .chk / OTA zip),需要从零到 RCE 2. **路由器/摄像头/IoT 设备审计** — 需要批量发现已知 CVE 和未公开漏洞 3. **加密/打包固件**,需要找 bootloader 解密例程或硬件 dump 4. **需要在不接触硬件的情况下跑起来**(QEMU 全系统仿真 / Firmadyne / FAT) 5. **对仿真起来的服务做 fuzz**(AFL++ qemu mode / boofuzz) 6. **硬件接口接入**(UART / JTAG / SPI flash dump) ### 与其他 skill 分工 | 场景 | 用什么 | |------|--------| | 从零拿到固件,全链路走 FSTM | **本 skill** | | 只做单个 ELF/so 静态逆向 | `reverse-engineering/`、`ida-reverse/`、`radare2/` | | 仿真起来后做 Web/RCE 利用 | `pentest-tools/`、`attack-chain/` | | 硬件接口(UART/JTAG/SPI)实操 | 本 skill 的 Stage 2 章节 + `patterns-hardware.md` | | APK / Android 固件(含 boot.img) | `apk-reverse/`(先剥 boot.img 再用本 skill) | | 跨版本固件符号迁移 | `binary-diff/` | ## 核心原理 ```text 固件 .bin │ ├─ Stage 1-3: 信息收集 / 获取 / 静态分析(不解压也能看的部分) │ ├─ Stage 4: 提取文件系统 ← binwalk v3 / unblob / jefferson / ubi_reader │ │ │ └─ 失败 → 找 bootloader 解密例程 / UART dump / SPI flash 硬件读 │ ├─ Stage 5: 文件系统静态分析 ← EMBA 自动化 + 手工 grep │ ├─ Stage 6: 模拟运行 ← Firmadyne / FAT / qemu-user-static + chroot │ ├─ Stage 7-8: 动态 / 运行时分析 ← gdb-multiarch、IDA 远程调试、Ghidra │ └─ Stage 9: 二进制利用 ← AFL++ fuzz / 手工 PoC / ARM / MIPS payload ``` 关键判断: - 提取失败不等于固件加密,先把 binwalk v2、binwalk v3、unblob、jefferson、ubi_reader 全跑一遍 - EMBA 一行命令出 HTML 报告,能省 80% 体力,剩 20% 是真正的漏洞挖掘 - 仿真起不来时优先怀疑 NVRAM 缺失、网卡名错配、`/dev/` 节点缺失 - ARM / MIPS payload 必须区分大小端(mipsel vs mipseb),别用错 ## OWASP FSTM 九阶段工作流 ### Stage 1 — 信息收集(Information Gathering) 收集型号、芯片、SDK、已公开 CVE。 ```bash # FCC ID 查询(美区设备) curl -s "https://fccid.io/?q=$FCC_ID" # 芯片识别参考点 echo "Realtek RTL8197 / Broadcom BCM / MediaTek MT76 / Qualcomm IPQ" ``` 输出:芯片型号、SDK 来源(SDK 决定 binwalk 能否一把成功)。 ### Stage 2 — 获取固件(Obtaining Firmware) 四条路:官网下载、OTA 抓包、UART 落 shell 后 dump、SPI flash 物理读。 ```bash # OTA 抓包后批量下载 mitmdump -s save_response.py # UART 接入(USB-TTL,常用波特率 57600 / 115200) picocom -b 115200 /dev/ttyUSB0 # SPI flash 用 CH341A + flashrom 读 flashrom -p ch341a_spi -r dump.bin ``` ### Stage 3 — 分析固件(Analyzing Firmware) 不解压先看头部、熵、字符串、可识别签名。 ```bash binwalk firmware.bin # magic 扫描 binwalk -E firmware.bin # 熵图,高熵段=压缩/加密 strings -n 8 firmware.bin | less # banner / 内核版本 / 路径 file firmware.bin hexdump -C firmware.bin | head -64 ``` ### Stage 4 — 提取文件系统(Extracting Filesystem) 详见 `references/extraction-methodology.md`。 ```bash binwalk -eM firmware.bin # 递归提取 unblob -d out/ firmware.bin # 处理 binwalk 失败的格式 jefferson rootfs.jffs2 -d rootfs/ # JFFS2 ubireader_extract_files rootfs.ubi # UBI ``` ### Stage 5 — 静态分析文件系统(Filesystem Analysis) EMBA 一键扫,详见 `references/emba-automated-analysis.md`。 ```bash sudo emba -l ./logs -f ./firmware.bin -p ./scan-profiles/default-scan.emba ```
From john0123412/PawnLogic, MIT.
More from john0123412/PawnLogic
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case-review
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attack-chain
john0123412
Use for authorized multi-stage attack-path planning and orchestration when a task spans reconnaissance, initial access, privilege escalation, lateral…
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Signals
- Stars
- 4
- Forks
- 2
- Open issues
- 0
- Last commit (this folder)
- Aug 10, 2026 (2 months ago)
- Last release
- Oct 24, 2026 (9 days ago)
From GitHub (fetched Oct 24, 2026).
Details
- License
- MIT
- Repository
- github.com/john0123412/PawnLogic
- First seen
- Oct 24, 2026
- Last checked
- Oct 24, 2026
- Source
- GitHubgithub-graphql
Same skill elsewhere
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固件 / IoT 渗透链。从拿到一坨 .bin / .img 开始,闭环走完逆向 → 提取 → 模拟 → 利用。 方法论遵循 OWASP FSTM 九阶段;工具链以 binwalk v3、unblob、EMBA、Firmadyne、AFL++ 为主。…
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固件 / IoT 渗透链。从拿到一坨 .bin / .img 开始,闭环走完逆向 → 提取 → 模拟 → 利用。 方法论遵循 OWASP FSTM 九阶段;工具链以 binwalk v3、unblob、EMBA、Firmadyne、AFL++ 为主。…
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More from john0123412
- 0.611score
case-review
john0123412
Reviews a reverse-skill case package for scope readiness, Evidence to Finding to Path traceability, work item coverage, timeline references, and optional…
SkillAFreshness: A★ 4Claude Code +9 - 0.602score
attack-chain
john0123412
Use for authorized multi-stage attack-path planning and orchestration when a task spans reconnaissance, initial access, privilege escalation, lateral…
SkillAFreshness: A★ 4Claude Code +9
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firmware-pentest skill. Agent Mart. https://agentmart.dev/skills/john0123412-firmware-pentest (last updated 2026-10-24)