laravel-ops

Files (6)

• SKILL.md
• .gitkeep · assets/
• architecture.md · references/
• eloquent-queries.md · references/
• testing-auth.md · references/
• .gitkeep · scripts/

SKILL.md (first lines)

# Laravel Operations

> Facts verified as of 2026-07.

Authoritative reference for Laravel 11+ development: architecture decisions, Eloquent patterns, authentication strategies, queue configuration, and testing approaches.

---

## Architecture Decision Tree

```
What type of application?
│
├─ Full-stack web (HTML responses)
│  ├─ Simple CRUD, small team → Monolith (Blade + Eloquent directly)
│  │   └─ Use action classes for business logic over 20 lines
│  ├─ Rich interactivity needed → Livewire (server-driven reactivity)
│  │   └─ Add Alpine.js for client-side micro-interactions
│  └─ SPA-like feel, React/Vue team → Inertia.js
│      └─ Keep server-side routing, dump client-side routing overhead
│
├─ API backend (JSON responses)
│  ├─ Single consumer (mobile/SPA) → API-only with Sanctum SPA auth
│  ├─ Multiple consumers / public → RESTful API with token auth
│  └─ Complex graph queries → Consider GraphQL (lighthouse-php/lighthouse)
│
├─ Large team / complex domain
│  ├─ Domain-driven → Modular monolith (app/Modules/{Domain}/)
│  │   ├─ Each module: Models, Actions, Events, Jobs, Http/
│  │   └─ Shared: app/Shared/ for cross-cutting concerns
│  └─ Independent deployability needed → Microservices
│      └─ Use Laravel Octane for high-throughput services
│
└─ What business logic pattern?
   ├─ Simple CRUD, < 20 lines → Direct Eloquent in controller
   ├─ Reusable operation (create order, send invoice) → Action class
   │   └─ Single public handle() or execute() method
   ├─ Complex queries, multiple data sources → Repository pattern
   │   └─ Interface + Eloquent implementation (enables swapping)
   └─ Cross-cutting operations (audit, caching) → Service class
       └─ Inject via constructor, bind in ServiceProvider
```

### Action Class vs Repository vs Service

| Pattern | Use When | Example |
|---------|----------|---------|
| Action class | Single, reusable business operation | `CreateOrderAction`, `SendInvoiceAction` |
| Repository | Abstract data access, multiple sources | `OrderRepository` with `EloquentOrderRepository` |
| Service | Orchestrate multiple actions/repos | `OrderService` combining payment + inventory |
| Direct Eloquent | Simple CRUD, < 5 lines in controller | `User::create($data)` |

---

## Eloquent Quick Reference

### Relationships

| Relationship | Method | Foreign Key Convention |
|-------------|--------|----------------------|
| `hasOne` | `return $this->hasOne(Profile::class)` | `profiles.user_id` |
| `hasMany` | `return $this->hasMany(Post::class)` | `posts.user_id` |
| `belongsTo` | `return $this->belongsTo(User::class)` | `posts.user_id` |
| `belongsToMany` | `return $this->belongsToMany(Role::class)` | `role_user` pivot |
| `hasManyThrough` | `return $this->hasManyThrough(Post::class, User::class)` | Country → User → Post |
| `morphTo` | `return $this->morphTo()` | `{col}_type`, `{col}_id` |
| `morphMany` | `return $this->morphMany(Comment::class, 'commentable')` | Polymorphic |
| `morphToMany` | `return $this->morphToMany(Tag::class, 'taggable')` | Polymorphic pivot |

### Eager Loading

```php
// Prevent N+1: always eager load in controllers
$posts = Post::with(['author', 'comments.author', 'tags'])->paginate(15);

// Conditional eager loading (load after retrieval)
$user->load('posts.comments');
$user->loadMissing('posts'); // only if not already loaded

// Eager load counts (no SELECT *)
$posts = Post::withCount('comments')->get();

// Constrained eager loading
$posts = Post::with(['comments' => fn($q) => $q->approved()->latest()])->get();
```

### Query Scopes

```php
// Local scope (reusable query constraint)
public function scopeActive(Builder $query): void
{
    $query->where('status', 'active');
}

// Usage: User::active()->get()

// Dynamic scope
public function scopeOfType(Builder $query, string $type): void
{
    $query->where('type', $type);
}
// Usage: User::ofType('admin')->get()
```

### Mass Assignment

```php
// Fillable (allowlist - preferred)
protected $fillable = ['name', 'email', 'password'];

// Guarded (denylist - use [] only if you trust all input)
protected $guarded = ['id', 'is_admin'];

// Never set guarded = [] in production code
```

---

From 0xDarkMatter/claude-mods, MIT.

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