Geo-Parity

Compute gross-to-net parity between a self-employed contractor hourly rate and an employee (W2/EOR) hourly rate, accounting for self-employment/income tax and self-paid health insurance, and return the break-even contractor rate. Uses transparent effective-rate tax presets per country, all overridable. Estimates only — not tax advice.

Side-by-side comparison of two countries: US-relative price levels across every dataset (World Bank, IMF, OECD, Penn World Table, consumption basket), the consensus ratio, percent difference, and $100k salary equivalence in both directions.

INFORM Risk from the European Commission's Joint Research Centre: a 0-10 composite where HIGHER IS WORSE, plus the three dimensions behind it — hazard (exposure to earthquakes, floods, cyclones, drought, conflict), vulnerability (how exposed the population is) and copingCapacity (whether institutions and infrastructure could respond). The last is usually the one that matters when choosing where to live: two countries can face the same earthquake and have completely different outcomes. Safest-first by default. Covers 191 countries, far wider than this site's country pages. A country INFORM does…

What a company's investment is actually taxed at: OECD's forward-looking effective average tax rate (EATR), effective marginal rate (EMTR) and cost of capital for a composite investment under fixed interest and inflation, beside the statutory combined corporate rate from the Rules hub, with the gap in points — what allowances and incentives are worth. `country` for one, `countries` for a side-by-side, neither ranks by `metric` (eatr default; emtr, costOfCapital, gap), lowest first unless `sort=highest`. 39 of the 41 spine countries are modelled; the Philippines and the UAE keep their statutory…

How much of government can be done online: the UN E-Government Development Index (0–1) and its three components — Online Service Index, Telecommunication Infrastructure Index, Human Capital Index — for all 41 spine countries, read from the UN E-Government Knowledgebase's country pages because no data file is published. The index measures what government provides online and the infrastructure and skills to use it, not whether a newcomer can use it (most services need a national id or residence first). The survey is biennial and the caveat names its year. `country`, `countries`, or a ranking by …

What eating a healthy diet costs per person per day, MEASURED: the World Bank's Food Prices for Nutrition series (the cheapest locally available foods that meet a healthy-diet standard, from International Comparison Program retail prices), 165 of the 186 spine countries. Returns the cost in local currency (dailyLocal) and USD (dailyUsd, monthlyUsd), the share of people who cannot afford it (unaffordable.pct, on its own year), the diet's split across six food groups as percentage shares for the single year published, and how this site's MODELLED grocery prices compare: vsUsMeasured and vsUsMode…

How much health system there is per person: medical doctors and nursing and midwifery personnel per 10,000 (WHO Global Health Observatory) and hospital beds per 10,000 (WHO, or OECD where newer — the row names its source), beside the UHC service-coverage index. Density is not access: it says how much exists, not whether a visitor can use it or what it costs. Newest observation at the site's vintage floor; 36 of the 41 spine countries carry doctors and nurses, 31 beds; an older figure is absent, never served as current. `country` for one, `countries` to compare, neither ranks by `metric` (docto…

Healthcare cost and financial exposure across 41 countries: out-of-pocket spend per person per year (US$), out-of-pocket as a share of all health spending, total health spend per capita (PPP international $), government funding share, physicians per 1,000 and dentists per 10,000. Figures are MEASURED from World Bank and WHO Global Health Observatory series, never derived from a price index: scaling healthcare by a country's general price level overstates costs abroad by 1.2x-5.4x, because health prices do not track the price level (the US is an outlier and several countries deliberately price …

Housing cost and affordability across countries, built for remote workers. Returns monthly rent plus TWO ratios that together answer the real question: rent as a share of the LOCAL median wage (are locals priced out?) and as a share of YOUR remote income (can you afford it?). The gap between them - `arbitrageGap`, in percentage points - is the single number saying whether a place is cheap FOR YOU; pass `remoteIncome` to get it. Also returns price-to-income and price-to-rent as a percentage of each country's OWN long-run average (OECD), and mortgage rates (ECB, euro area only; absent elsewhere …

What money earns or loses in real terms. Given `countries` (two or more ISO alpha-2 codes), returns side by side: consumer-price inflation (World Bank, latest annual, plus the IMF's monthly year-on-year figure where available), the central-bank policy rate (BIS, newest month; the ECB's single rate for euro-area members, flagged `viaEuroArea`), deposit and lending rates (World Bank, where published), and the real rates the engine computes from them by the exact Fisher relation — only when the nominal rate and the inflation figure are within a year of each other. Without `countries`, ranks the 4…

MEASURED gross monthly earnings of employees by ISCO-08 major occupation group, from ILOSTAT — median and mean, in USD, PPP dollars and local currency, for 35 countries (a median is published for most of them). This is the site's only measured wage series; calculate_wage_bands is MODELLED, and the two are not interchangeable. Each row also carries the female-vs-male pay gap for that occupation (positive means women earn less; negative values are real and are kept) and where the occupation's median sits on the country's modelled national wage ladder. Employees only — excludes the self-employed …

What the state pension system looks like there, from OECD Pensions at a Glance (members and G20 partners, 33 of the 41 spine countries). Give `country` for one: normal retirement age now and for a 22-year-old entering today, by sex; net and gross replacement rates for a full-career average earner at 50/100/200% of the average wage under mandatory schemes; expected years after leaving work; the share of pensioners below half of median income; the average tax rate on an average pension; the old-age to working-age ratio and public pension spending; plus World Bank life expectancy and the 65+ shar…

Two questions in one. Given `countries` (two or more), returns the working days those places genuinely SHARE in a year — weekdays on which nobody is on a public holiday — which is the number a distributed team actually plans against and the half of the question timezone-overlap tools never answer: a London/Tokyo team loses roughly three working weeks a year to non-overlapping holidays. Without `countries`, ranks countries by nationwide public holidays. Weekend holidays are excluded (they cost nobody a working day) and regional holidays are counted separately from national ones. Covers 204 coun…

Measured danger once there. Given `countries` (two or more ISO alpha-2 codes), returns side by side: intentional homicides per 100,000 (UNODC via World Bank WDI) and mean annual PM2.5 exposure in µg/m³ (WDI), each with its observation year, and the INFORM disaster-risk score and band composed for context. Without `countries`, ranks the 41-country spine by one `metric` (`homicide` default, `pm25`), lowest first. Only observations at or after the newest WDI vintage are held; a country whose newest figure is older lacks the key and is dropped from the ranking, never scored 0 — the UK's newest hom…

How much work paying tax is, from World Bank B-READY's Taxation topic (firm surveys in the largest business city): median hours spent on tax compliance a year, the share of firms filing and paying electronically, weeks to a final audit report and to a VAT refund, the share citing a too-long refund process, the share of social-security taxes in labour cost, and the effective income-based rate firms REPORT paying — which is neither the statutory rate (Rules hub) nor OECD's modelled effective rate (Business hub's tax tab), and the caveat keeps the three apart. 22 of the 41 spine countries; outsid…

Statutory tax schedules from the OECD, compared or ranked. Given `countries` (two or more ISO alpha-2 codes), returns side by side the corporate income-tax rate (combined central plus average sub-national, central only, and a small-business rate where one exists; OECD Corporate Tax Statistics, all 41 spine countries) and, for OECD members, the top personal income-tax rate with the earnings threshold at which it starts as a multiple of the average wage, plus the marginal rate with employee social contributions at that point (OECD Tax Database, 26 of the spine). Without `countries`, ranks the sp…

What a month actually costs in each of 41 countries on a stated income, and what is left over. Sums four lines that are kept from overlapping: rent (measured Eurostat city rents, HUD Fair Market Rents, or the price basket where neither covers a country), the everyday basket EXCLUDING rent (the basket normally contains rent — roughly half of it — so adding a separate housing figure to the full basket would overstate a total by ~60%), out-of-pocket healthcare, and income tax plus employee social contributions on that income. VAT is already inside the basket prices (purchasing-power data derives …

How long goods take to clear the border and what compliance costs, from World Bank B-READY's International Trade topic (firm-survey averages in the largest business city): days for exported and imported goods to clear all border agencies, the typical cost of complying with export and import requirements as a share of goods value, and the share of firms exporting by parcel. B-READY is a rotating cohort — 22 of the 41 spine countries in the 2025 edition — and a country outside it is NO_DATA, never a borrowed figure. `country`, `countries`, or a ranking by `metric` (importDays default; exportDays…

Standard and reduced VAT/GST rates for the 41-country spine, hand-curated from each national tax authority's published page and served with that page's URL and the date it was checked, so a figure can be verified rather than trusted. Given `countries` (two or more ISO alpha-2 codes), returns each country's tax kind and name, standard rate, reduced rates where the authority lists them, registration threshold where known, and its source; an entry read from a secondary source because the authority's page could not be fetched is marked `confidence: "secondary"`. Without `countries`, ranks standard…

Two questions in one. Given `countries` (two or more ISO alpha-2 codes), returns side by side: mean weekly hours actually worked per employed person (ILOSTAT, newest year from 2023), average annual hours actually worked (OECD, members only), and the paid leave the law gives mothers and fathers in calendar days with who pays (World Bank Women, Business and the Law 2026). Without `countries`, ranks the 41-country spine by one `metric` — weeklyHours, annualHours, maternityDays or paternityDays; `sort=fewest` inverts. A country missing a metric lacks the key, and is dropped from a ranking rather t…

The three to six headline figures each hub owns for one country, in one call: price level vs the US and datasets covering it (compare); monthly essentials, health out-of-pocket spending and — with `income` — what is left after costs (costs); modelled median and minimum wage, ILOSTAT measured median, pension replacement rate (earn); safety and healthcare-access scores, rule of law, disaster risk, comfortable days, tax-residency threshold, passport rank, nomad-visa programmes (move); public holidays, latency and download speed, employer contribution loading, weekly hours, paid maternity leave (w…

What a visitor needs before driving in each of the 41 spine countries: which side of the road, the national default urban, rural and motorway speed limits in the unit signed there (`speedUnit` km/h or mph, never converted), the blood-alcohol limit for ordinary drivers in g/100 ml (`bacNote` for novice and professional limits; 0 is a real zero-tolerance rule), equipment the law requires carried from a fixed vocabulary, and whether an International Driving Permit is needed (`idpRequired`, from GOV.UK's per-country table for a UK photocard licence; absent where that table is silent) — a hand-cura…

The minimums a job's law sets in each of the 41 spine countries: paid annual leave in days with its `basis` (`working` or `calendar`, never converted), the minimum notice an employer and an employee must give in weeks (`noticeNote` where it rises with tenure), the probation ceiling in months and the ordinary weekly-hours ceiling — a hand-curated register with the labour authority's page and check date per row, added 13 Sep 2026; an entry read from secondary reporting because the official page could not be fetched is marked `confidence: "secondary"`. A fact the law does not set is ABSENT, never…

What a hire actually costs the employer: the gross wage plus the employer's own social security contributions at the rate OECD Taxing Wages publishes (single earner, no children, 100% of the average wage), applied as a flat rate — the figure employer-of-record services quote for a fee. Pass `gross` (annual USD) for your own figure; without it the wage is the pay-range midpoint for the `occupation` and `seniority`, and `basis` says whether that wage is measured (ILOSTAT) or modelled. Employee-side rates and OECD's tax wedge are returned for context and never applied. Without `country`, ranks th…

Estimates local prices for a 32-item everyday basket (rent, pint of beer, groceries, transport, gym, …) in two countries, derived as usPrice × pppIndex^elasticity — non-tradables like rent swing harder across borders than world-priced goods like petrol (Balassa-Samuelson-style model). Returns per-item prices in USD and local currency, category subtotals, and a single-person monthly budget rollup. Model estimates, not price quotes.

Ranks countries by a fit score that blends the livability composite (internet speed, safety, healthcare access, air quality, English — measured, each with its own source year) with how far a monthly budget in USD goes against modelled essentials, using 0–10 weights per dimension (`cost`, `internet`, `safety`, `healthcare`, `air`, `english`; default 5 each). Region, budget and visa are FILTERS, never weights: `region` (a World Bank region name), `withinBudget` (default true; false keeps countries the budget does not cover), `needsVisa` (an eligible digital nomad visa on the budget). Each row ca…

Geo-arbitrage FIRE analysis: given a portfolio and safe withdrawal rate, returns every country where the passive income sustains a lean ($32k US-equivalent/yr), comfortable ($55k), upper ($90k), or luxury ($150k) lifestyle at local purchasing-power prices — plus FIRE numbers per tier, nomad-visa income-floor eligibility, local-currency income, an SWR sensitivity band, (with savings/coast params) years until each country unlocks, and — where covered — a `statePension` overlay with the OECD net pension replacement rate (safety net from pension age; not subtracted from the FIRE numbers). Estimate…

Which of the 41 spine countries would let a founder in, and on what terms — a hand-curated register of founder/start-up routes, investor routes and `kind: "none"` entries, each with its one published money figure and what it is for (`minFunds.basis`: an investment to make, subsistence funds to hold, or funding raised from investors), whether an endorsing body must approve the project, duration, renewability, a path-to-residency flag, the official page it was read from and the check date; an entry read from secondary reporting because the official site could not be fetched is marked `confidence…

Given a set of cities/timezones and each participant's local working hours, find the longest UTC window where everyone is simultaneously within their working day (DST-accurate), AND score the team's overall timezone friction. Returns the overlap in UTC and in each participant's local time (or null with the best partial coverage), plus a `friction` block: a 0–100 score, grade (Effortless/Manageable/Strained/Broken), daily shared hours, coverage, and the `loneWolf` — the member whose removal would free the most team overlap. Useful for scheduling and for hiring/team-composition decisions.

Digital-nomad visa Income Matcher: given a monthly remote income (any currency) and household size, computes each program's real income threshold (base plus its published per-dependent uplift) and returns the programs you qualify for plus the near misses just out of reach — with duration, renewability, tax notes and official source URLs. Curated summaries — verify with the official source before applying.

Which of the 41 spine countries would let a retiree in, and on what terms — a hand-curated register of retiree, passive-income and deposit routes (kind), each with minimum age, monthly income or deposit threshold in its own currency, duration, renewability, a path-to-residency flag, the official page it was read from and the check date; an entry read from secondary reporting because the official site could not be fetched is marked `confidence: "secondary"`, and countries with no route are `kind: "none"` with a line saying why. Give `income` (monthly) with optional `currency`, `age` and `saving…

Student-visa routes for the 41 spine countries — a hand-curated register of the funds a student must show (amount, currency, per month or year), the work hours allowed in term, the post-study stay in months, a path-to-residency flag, the official page it was read from and the check date; secondary-sourced entries are marked, and countries with no route are `kind: "none"`. No tuition figures: no citable structured source exists. Give `funds` with optional `currency` and `per` (year default; month) for a match: routes the funds reach, near misses within 25%, routes with no published figure, excl…

What to sort out with a travel clinic, as facts from TravelHealthPro (NaTHNaC, the UK's national travel-health centre) with the source page linked per row: the yellow-fever certificate position (required for all arrivals, required when arriving from a risk country, or none), whether the country itself carries yellow-fever risk, the vaccine names recommended for most UK travellers and for some, and whether malaria guidance exists — plus the health-risk names the FCDO lists. Give `country` for one country or `countries` (two or more) for a side-by-side. Facts only, never NaTHNaC's prose; the rea…

The World Bank's Women, Business and the Law reading of each country's statute (2026 edition, 41 spine countries). Give `country` for one country: the Legal Frameworks index (0-100), eight topic scores (mobility, workplace, pay, marriage, parenthood, entrepreneurship, assets, pension), the coded answers grouped by topic — can a woman choose where to live, travel abroad, get a job the same way as a man, is equal pay for work of equal value mandated, can she obtain a divorce and head a household, own and inherit equally, open a business and access credit without discrimination — and the full, pa…

The registry of every dataset behind the site's figures — price levels, wages, housing, healthcare, holidays, working time, inflation, remittance prices, and the rest. Each carries `updated`, the date it was last REBUILT (a fetcher ran, or a person reviewed it), and — where the dataset knows it — `vintage`, what the figures themselves describe: a year, an edition, a quarter, or the source's own publication date. THE TWO ARE DIFFERENT AND OFTEN YEARS APART: exchange rates rebuilt in 2026 are 2025 annual averages, and city rents rebuilt in 2026 are from 2023. Judge how current a figure is by `vi…

Convert a base salary from a home country into a cost-of-living-fair local equivalent: S_local = S_base × (I_target / I_home), where I is a US-relative price level. Omit `target` to receive a localized salary matrix across every country in the source — useful for pricing one offer across many markets. Returns USD purchasing-power equivalents, not currency-converted amounts.

Passport Power: for a given country's passport, returns the visa-free-access score (visa-free + visa-on-arrival + eTA destinations), global rank and percentile among all ~199 passports, and the full destination breakdown by access type with names resolved. Omit country for the ranked league table. Reference data from the open imorte/passport-index-data (public domain) — confirm entry rules with the destination authority before travel.

A fixed pension paid from one country and spent in another, after the exchange rate, the destination's price level and the destination's inflation. Converts `amount` in `currency` at the site's FX snapshot, re-prices it at the destination through the PPP engine (the same price-level comparison as calculate_ppp), and projects it flat at the destination's latest annual inflation for `years` (1-40, default 10), returning what it is worth there today and after the period, in USD and local currency, with the share of purchasing power lost. Without `amount`, the origin's typical state pension is use…

When a distributed team can actually all work. Joins the two halves no free tool puts together: the weekdays on which NOBODY is on a public holiday (the engine behind compare_public_holidays) and the daily working-hour overlap across the members' time zones (the engine behind find_meeting_slot), evaluated on 15 January and 15 July so daylight-saving asymmetry is visible, and multiplied into conservative shared working hours per year. Members are ISO alpha-2 country codes; each country is placed in the time zone of its representative city, and countries spanning several zones (US, CA, BR, MX, A…

Whether a foreigner may buy residential property in each of the 41 spine countries: an ownership band (`free`, `restricted`, `leasehold-only`, `prohibited`), the main restrictions in a sentence, whether land itself may be owned, and the headline transfer tax a buyer pays with a note on surcharges and fees — a hand-curated register with the official page and check date per row; an entry read from secondary reporting because the official page could not be fetched is marked `confidence: "secondary"`. `country` for one entry, `countries` for a side-by-side; without either, all 41 ranked free-first…

Quality-of-Life vs Cost matrix: ranks 41 countries by a user-weighted composite of livability metrics (median broadband Mbps, safety, healthcare, air quality, English usability — curated country-level data replacing the discontinued Teleport API) against the monthly cost of single-person essentials at local purchasing-power prices. Returns per-country composite and value scores, lifestyle label for your budget (comfortable → like royalty), nomad-visa eligibility, and days-to-tax-residency. Curated estimates — verify locally.

What it costs to send money from one country to another, from the World Bank's Remittance Prices Worldwide survey (newest quarter, CC BY 4.0): the mean total cost — fee plus exchange-rate margin — of sending USD 200 and USD 500 across the providers surveyed on that corridor, the cheapest provider found, and how many were surveyed. With `amount` (USD), a quote at the nearer of the two surveyed bands (below USD 350 uses the 200 figures), and the response says which. Give `from` AND `to` for one corridor; only one of them for a ranking of surveyed corridors out of a sender or into a receiver, che…

Given a desired annual net income, compute the freelance hourly and day rate required after taxes, self-paid health insurance, weeks off, and billable utilization. Uses the same per-country effective-rate presets as compare_contract; all overridable. Estimates only — not tax advice.

Does a fixed monthly pension cover a month of local essentials. Given `amount` and `currency` (default GBP 1,500), returns every spine country ranked by coverage — the pension in USD divided by the country's MODELLED monthly essentials (the site's price basket scaled by the PPP price level, checked against real series and wrong both ways) — with the essentials figure, healthcare out-of-pocket per person per month (World Bank / WHO), life expectancy (World Bank) and the kind of retiree visa the country offers beside each row. Coverage is an ordering, not a budget; the pension is taken as fixed …

Given a user-population breakdown, find the cloud host region that minimizes population-weighted round-trip latency (argmin_j Σ_i P_i × L_ij), and compute the optimal multi-region split (each user region routed to its nearest host). Latency is estimated from great-circle distance via a fibre-propagation model, not measured.

What two governments say about going. Give `country` (ISO alpha-2) for one country: the UK FCDO's level (none, all-but-essential to parts, all-but-essential, all travel to parts, all travel) with its latest change and date, the FCDO's passport-validity and visa sentences for British citizens and the health risks it lists, and the US State Department's advisory level (1 exercise normal precautions to 4 do not travel) with its headline. Give `countries` (two or more) for the levels side by side, or neither for the 41-country spine ranked least-restricted first by FCDO level then US level (`sort=…

What a company in `from` keeps back when it pays dividends, interest, royalties or technical fees to a recipient in `to`: OECD's standard withholding rates for the payer's country and, for the pair, the treaty rate where OECD publishes one, with the saving in points per income type. Direction is the payer's, never reversed; `from` equal to `to` is rejected. A pair with no published treaty rate reports the standard rate and says so — that is not the same as no treaty existing, and the treaty figure is the maximum the treaty allows (a residence certificate is usually needed). Without `from`, ran…